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Plinio Nomellini was one of the greatest representatives of the Divisionist group. Eventually, the varnish layer was found to be acrylic resin, presumably mixed with varnishes applied in past restoration treatments. Furthermore, FT-IR ATR spectroscopy showed peaks related to metal soaps such as zinc stearate, which are known to cause severe delamination of the paint layers, explaining the recurring lifting issues. SEM/EDS highlighted the presence of zinc in both the ground layer and the paint layers. The combined use of Raman spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy in the Attenuated Total Reflection mode (FT-IR ATR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with an Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) enabled better understanding of the stratigraphy through the identification of some pigments, the binder, and the aged varnish layer on the top. Multispectral imaging allowed for better visualization of the figuration’s structure and the restored areas. Nevertheless, the presence of consistent liftings persists, while the protective coating shows uneven chromatic alteration, both requiring further analysis. During the years, the artwork underwent several cleaning and fixing interventions, resulting in a patchy appearance of the surface. The aim of the research was threefold: the examination of the state of conservation in view of the restoration treatment, together with the identification of the causes of degradation and the study of the artistic technique. In this study, the investigation of the oil painting on canvas I Tesori del Mare made by Plinio Nomellini in 1901 is presented.